Cases

Harte v. Routt County Dist. Court, 2012 COA 183 (Colo. Ct. App. October 25, 2012) (No. 11CA1815)*

Defendant’s successfully completed deferred judgment under Colo. Rev. Stat. § 18-1.3-102(2) constituted a conviction of an alcohol-related driving offense, Colo. Rev. Stat. § 42-4-1301, and therefore, she was not entitled to seal her arrest and criminal records under Colo. Rev. Stat. § 24-72-308. The legislature intended the definition of “conviction” in the alcohol-related driving offenses exception to the sealing statute to include a successfully completed deferred judgment, even though “conviction” was defined in Colo. Rev. Stat. § 42-4-1307(2)(a) to exclude a successfully completed deferred judgment. *No final published opinion available as of date.

In re Harte, — P.3d —- (2012)

After defendant pleaded nolo contendere to driving under the influence of alcohol and successfully completed deferred judgment and sentence, and court dismissed her case, defendant petitioned to seal the criminal case records. The District Court, Routt County, Michael A. O’Hara, J., denied petition. Defendant appealed. The Court of Appeals, Davidson, C.J., held that defendant was statutorily ineligible to petition to seal her records.

Long v. Colorado Dept. of Revenue, Motor Vehicle Div., 296 P.3d 329 (2012)

Driver sought review of decision of the Department of Revenue, Motor Vehicle Division, revoking driver’s license for one year based on his refusal to submit to testing as required by express consent law. The District Court, City and County of Denver, Brian R. Whitney, J., affirmed. Driver appealed. The Court of Appeals, Booras, J., held that: [1] Department properly made an initial revocation determination based on the information submitted to it by the law enforcement officer before holding a hearing; [2] information contained in arresting officer’s express consent affidavit supported Department’s initial revocation determination; [3] driver failed to establish “extraordinary circumstances” exception to the general rule of express consent law that drivers are entitled to their chosen form of test; [4] driver failed to establish that he was not properly advised under the express consent statute; and [5] officer conducted valid traffic stop.

Shiplet v. Colorado Dept. of Revenue, 266 P.3d 408 (2011)

Motorist sought judicial review of a decision of the Department of Revenue, Motor Vehicle Division, revoking his driver’s license for nine months based on motorist’s refusal to submit to blood or breath test under express consent statute. The District Court, Jefferson County, R. Brooke Jackson, J., affirmed. Motorist appealed. Holdings: The Court of Appeals, Booras, J., held that: [1] evidence supported conclusion that motorist, who was hearing impaired, understood his obligation to take a blood or breath test after police officer requested for him to do so; [2] officer was not required by statute to procure a sign language interpreter to help motorist communicate with officer.

Fallon v. Colorado Dept. of Revenue, 250 P.3d 691 (2010)

Department of Revenue appealed from judgment of the District Court, Arapahoe County, Cheryl L. Post, J., reversing the revocation of petitioner’s driver’s license by the Department of Revenue for refusing to submit to testing as required by express consent statute. The Court of Appeals, Davidson, C.J., held that: [1] Department’s power to subpoena witnesses is discretionary; [2] Department’s refusal to subpoena witness did not impair licensee’s ability to challenge reasonableness of stop and legality of arrest; [3] officer had reasonable suspicion justifying traffic stop; and [4] officer had probable cause for arrest.

Garcia v. Huber, 252 P.3d 486 (2010)

Motorist sought review of finding by state Department of Revenue, Motor Vehicle Division that motorist was a persistent drunk driver. The District Court, Douglas County, Paul A. King, J., affirmed finding. Motorist appealed. The Court of Appeals, Carparelli, J., held that statutory presumption of accuracy of blood alcohol content (BAC) analysis done on behalf of law enforcement agency applies only to revocation determinations and not to “persistent drunk driver” determinations.

Wiesner v. Huber, 228 P.3d 973 (2010)

Licensee appealed from decision of the District Court, Arapahoe County, Joyce S. Steinhardt, J., affirming the three-month suspension of his driver’s license and the finding that he was a “persistent drunk driver” by the Department of Revenue, Motor Vehicle Division. The Court of Appeals, Román, J., held that presumption of accuracy in the law enforcement blood or breath test results applies to the revocation of a license for a 0.08 or more blood alcohol content (BAC), but does not apply to the higher – 0.17 – BAC required for a “persistent drunk driver” finding.

Colorado Dept. of Revenue v. Hibbs, 122 P.3d 999 (2005)

Commercial truck driver challenged Department of Revenue’s one-year revocation of his commercial driver’s license after he was found to have been driving commercial vehicle while intoxicated at level four times the legal limit. The District Court, Chaffee County, Kenneth M. Plotz, J., reversed the order. Department of Revenue appealed. The Court of Appeals, 107 P.3d 1061, affirmed. Certiorari was granted. The Supreme Court, Hobbs, J., held that former statute’s verified report requirement was satisfied by police officer’s own signature and affirmation on department’s form, and notarized report was not required.

Statutes

Adoption of Federal Regulations

What Constitutes a CMV

Major Disqualifying Offenses

Major Disqualifying Offenses (Alcohol/Drug Related)

Serious Traffic Offenses

Identification of Conviction

Masking Convictions

10-Day Posting Requirement

Hazardous Materials

Applicability

Disqualification (Railroad/ Out of Service)

Resources

News

Broadcast Library

Come To Order – Human Trafficking – Episode One

Come on the road with The National Judicial College Judicial Ambassadors as they educate judges on a wide variety of topics related to keeping America’s highways safe including CDL issues, masking, autonomous vehicles, human trafficking and more. If it happens on the highway, we talk about it here.

Episode One: An Overview of Human Trafficking for Judges – August 27, 2025

This episode is the first in a four-part series on human trafficking and what judges need to know to address this issue in their courts and communities. All episodes in the series were recorded during a judicial human trafficking leadership workshop held at The National Judicial College. This first episode focuses on the definition of human trafficking and when and where judges are likely to encounter victims and others.

Guests include:

Judge Gayle Williams-Byers, a judicial fellow at the NJC and a retired judge from Ohio. Aaron Ann Cole of Funfsinn of Hicks & Funfsinn in Lexington, Kentucky. Previously, she worked as a prosecutor in Cook County, Illinois, in the special prosecution unit in the Kentucky Attorney General’s Office, and in the special prosecution unit of the Fayette County Commonwealth Attorney’s Office. She is on the faculty at the National Judicial College.

Judge Chris Turner, a Magistrate Judge in the Third Judicial District in Shawnee County Kansas.

Come To Order – Human Trafficking – Episode Two

Come on the road with The National Judicial College Judicial Ambassadors as they educate judges on a wide variety of topics related to keeping America’s highways safe including CDL issues, masking, autonomous vehicles, human trafficking and more. If it happens on the highway, we talk about it here.

Episode Two: The Judge’s Guide to Understanding the Systems Behind Human Trafficking – August 29, 2025

This is the second episode in a series designed to help judges understand human trafficking. This episode focuses on the often complex systems behind human trafficking and help explain some of the challenges in adjudicating these cases.

Guests include:

Dr. Jeanne Allert, the founder and director of the Institute for Shelter Care, a national initiative to address gaps in service and quality for victims of exploitation. She is also the founder of The Samaritan Women. She holds a PhD in Counseling and Psychological Studies.

Lindsey Lane, the director of strategic engagement at the Human Trafficking Institute in Georgia. She formerly was a human trafficking prosecutor and assistant district attorney in North Carolina and a senior assistant district attorney in Tennessee’s Third Judicial District.

Why Judge? “Unmasking” Procedural Fairness and Empathy for Self-Represented Litigants in Court

Course Description:

This webcast explores the concept of “masking” by self-represented litigants (SRLs) holding a Commercial Driver License (CDL), and its impact on procedural fairness. Masking occurs in everyday court adjudication procedures. When adjudicating SRLs, the language needs to be and appear “respectable” and avoid negative judgments within the courtroom. The presentation will examine how court discretion, implicit expectations of respectability, and the absence of active listening and empathy can impact SRLs’ judgements. Participants will learn to exercise these abilities while still upholding judicial ethical duties. Participants will gain insights into fostering courtroom practices that uphold procedural fairness while recognizing and responding to masking behaviors.

 

Course Objectives:

After this course, participants will be able to:

● Define masking in the context of CDL self-represented litigants and explain how it impacts procedural fairness and perception of credibility in court.

● Describe how respectability norms, court discretion, and language expectations can denigrate the challenges with CDL-SRLs and identify strategies to mitigate these barriers while maintaining judicial ethics.

● Demonstrate the use of active listening and empathy to recognize and appropriately respond to masking behaviors with ethos, fostering fair and respectful courtroom interactions.

Impaired Driving and Alcohol/Drug Issues within Commercial Drivers’ License (CDL) and Commercial Motor Vehicle Cases

Course Description:

This national webcast provides judges with a comprehensive overview of current laws and emerging issues related to impaired driving within the context of Commercial Drivers’ License (CDL) and Commercial Motor Vehicles (CMV) cases. Topics include the federal and state legal frameworks governing alcohol and drug use among commercial drivers, with a particular focus on marijuana-related offenses and enforcement challenges.

 

Course Objectives:

After this course, participants will be able to:

● Identify current CDL/CMV alcohol and drug impaired driving elements and issues;

● Explain the concept of “masking” within CDL/CMV cases and recognize its state & federal impacts; and

● Reinforce foundational knowledge of current compliance requirements for CDL/CMV impaired driving cases.

Traffic Jam: How Commercial Drivers Impact Human Trafficking in Courts

Course Description:

This webcast explores the complex and pressing issue of human trafficking (both labor and sex) through the lens of judicial leadership and commercial transportation. This session sheds light on how commercial motor vehicle (CMV) drivers can play a pivotal role in perpetuating and preventing human trafficking crimes. Participants are guided through foundational frameworks, federal and state legal structures, and real-world implications of trafficking. Emphasis is placed on breaking myths, spotting signs of exploitation, and fostering proactive judicial responses in local contexts.

 

Course Objectives:

After this course, participants will be able to:

  • Understand the forms, tactics, and prevalence of human trafficking, including distinctions between sex and labor trafficking.

  • Gain practical strategies for identifying trafficking indicators and effectively respond to cases in judicial and community contexts, and

  • Comprehend the unique legal frameworks affecting Commercial Driver’s License (CDL) holders, particularly the implications of trafficking-related convictions under the No Human Trafficking on Our Roads Act.

Come to Order – Autonomous Vehicles – Episode Four

Come on the road with The National Judicial College Judicial Ambassadors as they educate judges on a wide variety of topics related to keeping America’s highways safe including CDL issues, masking, autonomous vehicles, human trafficking and more. If it happens on the highway, we talk about it here.

Episode Four: Autonomous Vehicles – January 16, 2025

In this fourth and final episode on autonomous vehicles, Judges Fowler and Williams-Byers analyze the probable cause and privacy issues that arise with autonomous vehicles. How are level one and two autonomous vehicles hindering basic traffic stops today and what happens if police stop a fully autonomous vehicle with no driver? Judges, listen to find out!